Solar System |
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Mean Distance from Sun
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Sidereal |
Diameter at
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| Planet | A.U. | Miles | Year | Equator | Mass | Gravity | Rotation | # of |
| (mil-lions) | (Miles) | (Earth =1) |
(Earth =1) |
(Days) | Mo-ons | |||
| Sun | 864,049 | 332946 | 27.9 | 25-35* | ||||
| Mercury | 0.387 | 35.9 | 87.97d | 2,160 | 0.0553 | 0.38 | 58.65 | 0 |
| Venus | 0.723 | 67.0 | 224.7d | 7,500 | 0.815 | 0.91 | 243 | 0 |
| Earth | 1.000 | 92.8 | 365.26d | 7,937 | 1.000 | 1.00 | 1 | 1 |
| Mars | 1.524 | 141 | 687d | 4,220 | 0.107 | 0.38 | 1.03 | 2 |
| Jupiter | 5.203 | 483 | 11.86y | 88,850 | 317.9 | 2.54 | 0.41* | 16 |
| Saturn | 9.529 | 884 | 29.5y | 74,900 | 95.18 | 1.08 | 0.44 | 18 |
| Uranus | 19.23 | 1785 | 84 y | 31,800 | 14.54 | 0.91 | 0.72 | 15 |
| Neptune | 30.14 | 2800 | 164.8y | 30,800 | 17.15 | 1.19 | 0.67 | 8 |
| Pluto | 39.81 | 3700 | 247.7y | 1,430 | 0.002 | 0.06 | 6.39 | 1 |
* depends on latitude, equatorial period given
Additional Earth Data
- Equatorial Diameter: 7937 miles
- Polar Diameter: 7900 miles
- 1 degree of latitude or longitude: 69 miles at the equator, less closer to poles
- Magnetic North Pole: N76°, W101° -- (near Prince of Wales Isl., NWT, Canada)
- Magnetic South Pole: S66°, E140° -- (near Antarctic coast, south of Australia)
- Orbital Speed: 18.5 miles/sec
Solar Data
- Mass: 2 x 1030 kg (2.2 x 1027 tons)
- Power Output: 3.8 x 1023 kW
- Energy Flux at Earth's Orbital Distance: 1.37 kW/meter2
- Solar Wind Speed near Earth: 280 miles/sec
- Solar Velocity: 12.3 miles/sec -- (toward R.A. = 18.1h, dec. = +30°; E. Hercules)
Stars within 10 Light Years of the Sun |
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| Name | Right Ascension | Declination | distance (light years) |
| Proxima | 14h 30m | -62° 41' | 4.2 |
| a Centauri | 14h 40m | -62° 50' | 4.3 |
| Barnard's | 17h 58m | +04° 34' | 6.0 |
| Wolf 359 | 10h 56m | +07° 01' | 7.7 |
| BD+36 2147 | 11h 03m | +35° 59' | 8.3 |
| L-726-A/B | 01h 39m | -17° 57' | 8.4 |
| Sirius | 06h 45m | -16° 43' | 8.6 |
| (a CMj) | 06h 45m | -16° 43' | 8.6 |
| Ross 154 | 18h 50m | -23° 50' | 9.4 |
Milky Way Galaxy
- Mass: 1012 solar masses
- Center: Direction: a = 17.8h, d = -29° (in Sagittarius)
- Center: Distance: 29,000 lt. yrs.
- Diameter: 90,000 ly
- Velocity: 370 miles/sec relative to 3°K background radiation toward a = 10h, d = -20° (southeast Hydra)
Some Close Galaxies of the Local Group |
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| Name | Right Ascension | Declination | distance (light years) |
| Large Magellanic Cloud | 05h 24m | -69° 45' | 163,000 |
| Small Magellanic Cloud | 00h 53m | -72° 49' | 196,000 |
| Leo I | 10h 09m | +12° 14' | 750,000 |
| Leo II | 11h 14m | +22° 09' | 750,000 |
| M31, M32 | 00h 42m | +41° 00' | 2.3 million |
| M33 | 01h 34m | +30° 39' | 2.4 million |
Most Distant Object Readily Visible in an Amateur Telescope
Quasar 3C273 (position: R.A. = 12h 29m, dec. = +02° 03') approximately 2 - 3 billion light years (typically requires 10-inch or larger telescope)
Compiled from a variety of sources and may not maintain consistent basis for various data items. All coordinates are J2000.
